Sub-Atomic Particles

Sub-Atomic Particles

There are two broad types of Sub-Atomic Particles: Fermions and Bosons. Fermions like Protons and Electrons have mass, half-odd-integer spin and obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle. Bosons like Photons and Gluons are force-carrying particles which obey Bose-Einstein statistics and have integral spin. We further distinguish Hadrons as Sub-Atomic Particles of either type that feel the Strong Nuclear Force. The Strong Force although very powerful is very short range within the radius of the nucleus or one femtometer. Baryons like Protons and Neutrons have three quarks while Mesons have only two but both are Hadrons. No other Bosons nor any Leptons are Hadrons.

                   Fermions                  Bosons
                   ___|___         _______ ____|____________
                  |       |       |       |        |        |
               Leptons Baryons  Mesons  Gauge   Graviton  Higgs
                          |_______|
                              |
                           Hadrons

NOTE: Gauge Bosons above include Photons, Gluons, W⁺, W^- &, Z particles [NS] {NR}